80. Who did develop the first successful treatment for insulin-dependent diabetes?
Ans. Frederick Banting
81. Who did discover the first evidence of the existence of dark matter?
Ans. Vera Rubin
82. Who did develop the concept of the first programmable computer and wrote the first algorithm?
Ans.Ada Lovelace
83. Who did discover the neurotransmitter serotonin?
Answer: Maurice Rapport
84. Who did propos the theory of the origin of life through chemical evolution?
Ans. Stanley Miller and Harold Urey
85. Who did discover the role of enzymes in fermentation, laying the groundwork for modern biochemistry?
Ans. Eduard Buchner
86. Who is known for their pioneering work in the field of cognitive psychology and the theory of cognitive development?
Ans. Jean Piaget
87. Who did develop the first successful vaccine for polio, using a weakened form of the virus?
Ans. Albert Sabin
88. Who did discover the phenomenon of superconductivity?
Ans. Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
89. Who did propose the theory of endosymbiosis, suggesting that eukaryotic cells evolved from symbiotic relationships between different prokaryotic organisms?
Ans. Lynn Margulis
90. Who did discover the structure of the periodic table of elements and predicted the existence of several elements yet to be discovered?
Ans. Dmitri Mendeleev
91. Who is known for their research on the intelligence of octopuses and their ability to solve complex problems?
Ans. Jennifer Mather
92. Who did develop the first successful treatment for leprosy, known as dapsone?
Ans. Gerhard Domagk
93.Who did discover the existence of cosmic microwave background radiation, providing evidence for the Big Bang theory?
Ans. Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson
94. Who is known for their research on the social behaviour of chimpanzees, particularly in the wild?
Ans. Jane Goodall
95. Who did develop the first successful treatment for syphilis, known as Salvarsan?
Ans. Paul Ehrlich
96. Who did discover the phenomenon of black holes and the mathematical equations describing them?
Ans. Karl Schwarzschild
97. Who is known for their research on the effects of psychedelic drugs on consciousness and the human mind?
Ans. Albert Hofmann
98. Who did propose the concept of the Gaia hypothesis, suggesting that Earth is a self-regulating organism?
Ans. James Lovelock
99. Who did discover the role of nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system?
Ans. Robert Furchgott, Louis Ignarro, and Ferid Murad
100. Who did develop the first successful treatment for anthrax, known as the anthrax vaccine?
Ans. Louis Pasteur and Emile Roux
101.Who did develop the first successful treatment for smallpox, known as the smallpox vaccine?
Ans. Edward Jenner
102. Who did discover the principles of psychoanalysis and the role of the unconscious mind?
Ans. Sigmund Freud
103. Who is known for their discovery of the structure and function of telomeres, the protective caps at the ends of chromosomes?
Ans. Elizabeth Blackburn and Carol Greider
104. Who did discover the role of nitrous oxide (laughing gas) as an aesthetic?
Ans. Humphry Davy
105. Who did propose the theory of punctuated equilibrium, suggesting that evolution occurs in rapid bursts followed by long periods of stability?
Ans. Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge
106. Who did develop the first successful treatment for malaria, using quinine extracted from the bark of the cinchona tree?
Ans. Charles Laveran and Ronald Ross
107. Who did discover the principles of genetic inheritance through experiments with pea plants?
Ans. Gregor Mendel
108. Who did propose the theory of morphic resonance, suggesting that memories are transmitted through a collective consciousness?
Ans. Rupert Sheldrake
109. Who did discover the structure of the atom and proposed the model of the planetary atom?
Ans. Ernest Rutherford
110. Who develop the first successful treatment for rabies, known as the rabies vaccine?
Ans. Louis Pasteur
111. Who did discover the enzyme telomerase and its role in maintaining telomere length?
Ans. Elizabeth Blackburn and Carol Greider
112. Who did propose the concept of the double helix structure of DNA independently of Watson and Crick?
Ans. Linus Pauling
113. Who did develop the first successful treatment for yellow fever, using a weakened form of the virus?
Ans. Max Theiler
114. Who did discover the principles of gene regulation and mRNA splicing?
Ans. Richard Roberts and Phillip Sharp
115. Who did discover the phenomenon of RNA interference (RNAi)?
Ans. Andrew Fire and Craig Mello
116. Who did develop the first successful treatment for bacterial infections using antibiotics, known as sulfa drugs?
Ans. Gerhard Domagk
117. Who did propose the theory of endosymbiosis, suggesting that eukaryotic cells evolved from symbiotic relationships between different prokaryotic organisms?
Ans. Lynn Margulis
118. Who did discover the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and its role in neuromuscular transmission?
Ans. Otto Loewi
119. Who did develop the first successful treatment for tetanus, known as the tetanus vaccine?
Ans. Emil von Behring
120. Who did discover the phenomenon of transposons, also known as jumping genes, and their role in genetic inheritance?
Ans. Barbara McClintock
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